Which theory is described as a family of holistic psychological theories emphasizing organization, unity, and integration toward inherent growth?

• A. Mechanistic Theory
• B. Organismic Theory
• C. Preformationist Theory
• D. Behavioralist Theory

Answer: (B)

Organismic theory treats development as a unified, self-organizing process in which the whole person moves toward an inherent growth direction. It emphasizes that physical, cognitive, emotional, and social domains are interconnected, so changes in one area influence others and development follows an organized trajectory toward intrinsic potential. This holistic view captures the idea of unity, organization, and growth toward an inner end. In contrast, mechanistic theory views behavior as the result of parts acting like gears in a machine, without that sense of integrated growth. Behaviorist approaches focus on observable actions and external reinforcement rather than an internal drive for development. Preformationist theory is an older biological idea not aimed at psychological growth. So the organismic perspective best fits the description.