Piaget's substage from 8-12 months involves imitating others, showing intentional behavior, and combining schemes; this is called:

• A. Primary circular reactions
• B. Secondary circular reactions
• C. Coordination of Reactions
• D. Tertiary circular reactions

Answer: (B)

Around eight to twelve months, infants enter the coordination of secondary circular reactions. In this substage, babies go beyond repeating a single action they find interesting and start combining multiple actions to solve problems and reach a goal. They show intentional behavior, planning a sequence of steps to get what they want, and they even imitate others as part of their social learning. This combination of using more than one action, aiming for a goal, and reproducing observed actions marks a shift to purposeful, goal-directed behavior with objects and people in the environment.

To place it in context, the earlier stages focus on repeating actions centered on the body (primary circular reactions) or on external objects without coordinating multiple steps (secondary circular reactions). Later, around the next stage, infants begin more exploratory, trial-and-error experimentation with objects (tertiary circular reactions). The key idea here is coordinating actions to achieve a goal, along with imitation, which is why this substage is described as the coordination of secondary circular reactions.